Hyponatremia can result primarily from which of the following?

Hyponatremia is a condition characterized by abnormally low sodium levels in the blood. It often occurs when there is an imbalance between sodium and water in the body. Choosing excessive fluid intake as the correct answer is sound because consuming large volumes of water, especially without adequate sodium intake, can dilute the sodium concentration in the bloodstream. This dilution effect leads to the development of hyponatremia, particularly in athletes who might drink excessive amounts of water during prolonged physical activities but do not replenish electrolytes lost through sweat.

While high protein diets, adequate sodium consumption, and insufficient hydration can all influence overall health and bodily functions, they do not directly lead to hyponatremia. High protein diets can actually increase sodium retention in some cases, and adequate sodium consumption provides the minerals necessary to maintain healthy sodium levels. Insufficient hydration typically leads to dehydration, which would not cause low sodium levels but could potentially elevate sodium concentration instead.