What do muscles lack that affects how they function?

Muscles are indeed characterized by their inability to store and recall specific memories, which is what is implied by the concept of "memory" in this context. Unlike neural tissue, which can process and retain information through synaptic changes, muscle tissue does not have the capacity to remember past actions or adapt behavior based on previous experiences. Instead, muscles respond to stimuli and perform actions based on current physiological conditions and training.

Understanding the concept of muscle memory, which refers to the enhanced ability to perform movements with practice, often leads to some confusion. While training can lead to improved motor patterns, this is a result of changes in the nervous system rather than the muscle itself developing a memory.

The other listed attributes, such as endurance, strength, and elasticity, describe physical properties that can be developed or influenced through training, nutrition, and conditioning. Endurance refers to the ability of muscles to sustain prolonged activity, strength denotes the capability to exert force, and elasticity relates to the capacity of muscles to stretch and return to their original shape. However, none of these characteristics pertain to the concept of memory as it is classically understood.