What is the general consensus regarding the cause of side stitches during running?

The consensus that there is no definitive cause for side stitches during running reflects the complexity of this phenomenon as it involves various physiological factors. Side stitches, or exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP), are commonly experienced by runners, yet the exact reason why they occur remains somewhat unclear.

Research suggests multiple potential contributors, such as the impact of movement on the diaphragm and surrounding muscles, as well as gastrointestinal discomfort, but none of these theories universally accounts for the experience of side stitches across all individuals. Factors like hydration, nutrition, and even pacing can vary significantly among athletes, making it difficult to pinpoint a singular cause.

Consequently, while improper breathing techniques and muscle fatigue may play roles in certain circumstances, attributing side stitches to one specific cause is challenging. This complexity emphasizes the need for runners to experiment with their techniques and approaches to determine what works best for them, rather than relying on a one-size-fits-all explanation.